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แ€•แ€ฏแ€แฐแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ผแ€บแ€”แ€นแ€ธแฟแ€™แ€ญแ€ณแ‚•แ€”แ€šแ€นแŠแ€žแ€ฒแ€แ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€™แ€ฝแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฐ/แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€†แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€นแ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแŠแ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแ€แ€ถแ€›แ€™แ‚ˆแ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธ

แ€•แ€ฏแ€แฐแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ผแ€บแ€”แ€นแ€ธแฟแ€™แ€ญแ€ณแ‚•แ€”แ€šแ€นแŠ แ€žแ€ฒแ€แ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€™แ€ฝ แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฐ-แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฌแ€ธ แ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€†แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€นแ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแŠแ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€…แ€ฏแ€…แ€ฏแ€ฑแ€•แ€ซแ€„แ€นแ€ธ(แƒแ€) แ€ฑแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€กแ€ฌแ€ธ แ€แ€•แ€นแ€™(แ‚แ‚) แ€œแ€€แ€นแ€ฑแ€กแ€ฌแ€€แ€น แ€แ€ถแŠ (แ‚แ€แ„) แ€แ€•แ€นแ€›แ€„แ€นแ€ธแŠ แ€ฑแ€’แ€žแ€แ€ถแ€แ€•แ€นแ€›แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€กแ€แ€ญแ€บแ€ณแ‚•แ€•แ€ฐแ€ธแ€ฑแ€•แ€ซแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแ€™แ‚ˆแ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธ


แ‚แ€แ‚แ€ แ€แ€ฏแ‚แ€ฝแ€…แ€นแŠ แ€‡แ€”แ€นแ€”แ€แ€ซแ€›แ€ฎแ€œ(แ‚แƒ) แ€›แ€€แ€น

แ€›แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€ฑแ€’แ€žแ€กแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€นแ€ธ แ€…แ€…แ€นแ€›แ€ฌแ€‡แ€แ€แ€นแ€”แ€šแ€นแ€แ€ฒแ€บแ‚•แ€แ€•แ€นแ€–แ€ผแ€ฒแ‚•แ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌ แ€ปแ€™แ€”แ€นแ€™แ€ฌแ€ทแ€แ€•แ€นแ€™แ€ฑแ€แ€ฌแ€น แ‚แ€ฝแ€„แ€ทแ€น แ€›แ€€แกแ€ญแ€ณแ€„แ€ทแ€นแ€แ€•แ€นแ€ฑแ€แ€ฌแ€นแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ‚” แ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€ฑแ€”แ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€€แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ฒแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€ฑแพแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€ทแ€น แŽแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€€แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ฒแ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€›แ€ฌแ€•แ€แ€นแ€แ€”แ€นแ€ธแ€€แ€บแ€„แ€นแ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€ฑแ€€แ€บแ€ธแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€ฝ แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฐ/แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€ฝแ€ฌ แ€…แ€…แ€นแ€ฑแ€˜แ€ธแ€ฑแ€›แ€ฝแ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธ(IDP) แ€กแ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แ€›แ€•แ€นแ€…แ€ผแ€”แ€นแ‚”แ€แ€ผแ€ฌแ€แ€ญแ€™แ€นแ€ธแ€ฑแ€›แ€ฝแ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แพแ€€แ€›แ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹

แ€‘แ€ญแ€ฏแ‚”แ€กแ€แ€ฐ แ€กแ€แ€ญแ€บแ€ณแ‚•แ€ฑแ€€แ€บแ€ธแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€ฝแ€ฌ แ€กแ€”แ€ฎแ€ธแ€•แ€แ€นแ€แ€”แ€นแ€ธแ€€แ€บแ€„แ€นแŒแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€€แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ฒแ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€•แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€™แ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌแ€นแ€œแ€Šแ€นแ€ธ แ€ปแ€™แ€”แ€นแ€™แ€ฌแ€ทแ€แ€•แ€นแ€™แ€ฑแ€แ€ฌแ€นแ แ€œแ€€แ€นแ€”แ€€แ€นแ‚€แ€€แ€ฎแ€ธแ€’แ€แ€นแŠ แ€ฑแ€œแ€ฑแพแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€™แ€ฝแ€•แ€…แ€นแ€แ€แ€นแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€€แ€นแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€€แ€นแ€™แ‚ˆแ€’แ€แ€นแ€กแ€•แ€ซแ€กแ€แ€„แ€น แ€…แ€…แ€นแ€›แ€ฌแ€‡แ€แ€แ€นแ€€แ€บแ€ดแ€ธแ€œแ€ผแ€”แ€นแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแŠ แ€–แ€™แ€นแ€ธแ€†แ€ฎแ€ธแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแŠ แ€žแ€แ€นแ€ปแ€–แ€แ€นแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแŠ แ€ฑแ€•แšแ€แ€ฌแ€†แ€ผแ€ฒแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแŠ แ€ฑแ€€แ€บแ€ธแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€กแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€นแ€ธ/แ€ฑแ€€แ€บแ€ธแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€กแ€”แ€ฎแ€ธแŒแ€ปแ€™แ€”แ€นแ€™แ€ฌแ€ทแ€แ€•แ€นแ€™แ€ฑแ€แ€ฌแ€นแ€™แ€ฝแ€…แ€แ€”แ€นแ€ธแ€แ€บแ€แ€•แ€นแ€…แ€ผแ€ฒแ€ฑแ€”แ€‘แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแแ€ฑแ€”แ€ฌแ€€แ€นแ€†แ€€แ€นแ€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€กแ‚แฒแ€›แ€ฌแ€šแ€นแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€…แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€›แ€ญแ€™แ€นแ€ฑแพแ€€แ€ฌแ€€แ€นแ€œแ€”แ€นแ‚”แ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌแ€ฑแพแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€ทแ€น แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€œแ€ถแ€ฏแ€ธแ€€แ€ผแ€บแ€แ€นแ€แ€ญแ€™แ€นแ€ธแ€ฑแ€›แ€ฝแ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แ€›แพแ€€แ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹

แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€œแ€ถแ€ฏแ€ธแ€€แ€ผแ€บแ€แ€นแ€™แ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€นแ€ฑแ€€แ€บแ€ธแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแŒ แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฐแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€†แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€น แ€กแ€…แ€ฌแ€ธแ€กแ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌแ€€แ€นแŠ แ€กแ€–แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€แ€”แ€นแ€•แ€…แฅแ€Šแ€นแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ญแ€ฏ แ€ปแ€™แ€”แ€นแ€™แ€ฌแ€ทแ€แ€•แ€นแ€™แ€ฑแ€แ€ฌแ€นแ€™แ€ฝ แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแŠ แ€–แ€บแ€€แ€นแ€†แ€ฎแ€ธแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€€แ€บแ€ดแ€ธแ€œแ€ผแ€”แ€นแ€œแ€บแ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹แ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€žแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€†แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€น แ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแŠ แ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€แ€ญแ€›แ€…แงแ€ฌแ€”แ€นแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแ€…แ€ฌแ€ธแ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌแ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ถแ€ฏแ€žแ€ฌแ€™แ€€ แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแฟแ€•แ€ฎแ€ธแ€ฑแ€™แ€ฝแ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ฑแ€›แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€แ€บแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€•แ€ซ แ€ฑแ€’แ€žแ€แ€ถแ€แ€•แ€นแ€›แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ‚แ€ฝแ€„แ€ทแ€นแ€•แ€ฐแ€ธแ€ฑแ€•แ€ซแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€œแ€ฏแ€•แ€นแ€ฑแ€†แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€œแ€ฝแ€บแ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹

แ‚แ€แ‚แ€ แ€แ€ฏแ‚แ€ฝแ€…แ€นแŠ แ€‡แ€”แ€นแ€”แ€แ€ซแ€›แ€ฎแ€œ(แ‚แ) แ€›แ€€แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แ‚”แŠ แ€Šแ€žแ€”แ€นแ€ธแ€ฑแ€แ€ซแ€„แ€นแ€กแ€แ€ญแ€บแ€”แ€นแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€น แ€•แ€ฏแ€แฐแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แฝแ€ผแ€”แ€นแ€ธแฟแ€™แ€ญแ€ณแ‚•แ€”แ€šแ€น "แ€žแ€ฒแ€แ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌ"แ€™แ€ฝแ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแŠ(แ‚แ†) แ€ฑแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแŠ แ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธ(แ„) แ€ฑแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแŠ แ€…แ€ฏแ€…แ€ฏแ€ฑแ€•แ€ซแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€กแ€ฑแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€น(แƒแ€)แ€กแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€แ€ถแ€แ€ฒแ€ทแ€›แ€ฑแพแ€€แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€žแ€ญแ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€›แ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹ แŽแ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแŠ แ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€ฝแ€ฌ แ€แ€•แ€นแ€™(แ‚แ‚) แ€œแ€€แ€นแ€ฑแ€กแ€ฌแ€€แ€นแ€แ€ถแŠ (แ‚แ€แ„) แ€แ€•แ€นแ€›แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€žแ€Šแ€น แ€žแ€ฒแ€แ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€กแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€นแ€ธ แ€ฑแ€”แ€‘แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€แ€ฒแ€ทแ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌ (แแƒ)แ€›แ€€แ€นแ€แ€ฌแ€€แ€ฌแ€œแ€กแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแ€แ€ถแ€แ€ฒแ€ทแ€›แ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹ แ€แ€™แ€›(แ‚แ€แ„) แ€žแ€Šแ€น แ€‡แ€”แ€นแ€”แ€แ€ซแ€›แ€ฎ(แ‰) แ€›แ€€แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แ‚”แŒแ€žแ€ฒแ€แ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ผแ€ฌแ€กแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ฑแ€›แ€ฌแ€€แ€นแ€แ€ฒแ€ทแฟแ€•แ€ฎแ€ธ แ€‡แ€”แ€นแ€”แ€แ€ซแ€›แ€ฎ(แ‚แ‚) แ€›แ€€แ€นแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€นแ€™แ€ฝ แ€ปแ€•แ€”แ€นแ€œแ€Šแ€นแ€‘แ€ผแ€€แ€นแ€แ€ผแ€ฌแ€แ€ฒแ€ทแ€ปแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€ปแ€–แ€…แ€นแ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹

แ€›แ€€แกแ€ญแ€ณแ€„แ€ทแ€นแ€แ€•แ€นแ€ฑแ€แ€ฌแ€นแ€กแ€ฑแ€”แ€ปแ€–แ€„แ€ทแ€น แ€šแ€แ€ฏแ€€แ€ฒแ€ทแ€žแ€ญแ€ฏแ‚” แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€นแ€€แ€ญแ€…แฅแ€›แ€•แ€นแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€น แ€€แ€บแ€ดแ€ธแ€œแ€ผแ€”แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€น แ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแŠแ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€žแ€ฐแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ‚แ€ฝแ€„แ€ทแ€น แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€šแ€ฐแ€›แ€ฌแ€แ€ผแ€„แ€นแ€•แ€ซแ€แ€„แ€นแ€•แ€แ€นแ€žแ€€แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แ€žแ€ฐแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธ/แ€•แ€ซแ€แ€„แ€นแ€•แ€แ€นแ€žแ€€แ€นแ€ฑแ€”แ€žแ€Šแ€ทแ€นแ€กแ€–แ€ผแ€ฒแ‚•(แ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ธแ€‚แ€ญแ€ฏแ€แ€นแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธ)แ€กแ€ฌแ€ธ แ€›แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€ปแ€•แ€Šแ€นแ€žแ€ฐแ‚”แ€กแ€ฌแ€แ€ฌแ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€กแ€–แ€ผแ€ฒแ‚•แ‚แ€ฝแ€„แ€ทแ€นแ€กแ€แ€ฐแ€†แ€€แ€นแ€œแ€€แ€นแ€…แ€ถแ€ฏแ€…แ€™แ€นแ€ธแ€œแ€บแ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹

แ€›แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€ปแ€•แ€Šแ€นแ€žแ€ฐแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€กแ€ฑแ€”แ€ปแ€–แ€„แ€ทแ€น แ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€›แ€ฝแ€„แ€นแ€™แ€ฒแ€ทแ€€แ€ผแ€ฒแ€บแŠ แ‚แ€ผแ€ฌแ€ธแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแ€€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ฑแ€แ€ผแ‚•แ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€•แ€ซแ€€ แ€”แ€ฎแ€ธแ€…แ€•แ€นแ€›แ€ฌแ€žแ€ญแ€ฏแ‚”แ€ฑแ€•แ€ธแ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ‚”แ€€แ€ฌ แ€กแ€แ€บแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€แ€บแ€„แ€นแ€ธแ€ฑแ€…แ€ฌแ€„แ€ทแ€นแ€‘แ€ญแ€”แ€นแ€ธแ€แ€แ€นแ€ฑแ€žแ€ฌ แ€กแ€€แ€บแ€„แ€ทแ€น( แ€›แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€”แ€ฌแ€™ แ€˜แ€ผแ€ฒแ‚•แ€™แ€Šแ€นแ€œแ€ฝแ€…แ€ญแ€แ€นแ€“แ€ฌแ€แ€นแ€ปแ€–แ€„แ€ทแ€น) แ€€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€ฑแ€™แ€ผแ€ธแ€ปแ€™แ€ดแ€€แ€ฌ แ€•แ€ญแ€ฏแ€„แ€นแ€›แ€ฝแ€„แ€นแ€กแ€…แ€…แ€นแ€กแ€™แ€ฝแ€”แ€นแ€™แ€บแ€ฌแ€ธแแ€œแ€€แ€นแ€‘แ€ฒแ€žแ€ญแ€ฏแ‚”แ€ฑแ€›แ€ฌแ€€แ€นแ€›แ€ฝแ€ญแ€ฑแ€กแ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€ฑแ€†แ€ฌแ€„แ€นแ€›แ€ผแ€€แ€นแพแ€€แ€•แ€ซแ€›แ€”แ€น แ€แ€ญแ€ฏแ€€แ€นแ€แ€ผแ€”แ€นแ€ธแ€กแ€•แ€นแ€•แ€ซแ€žแ€Šแ€นแ‹

แ€žแ€แ€„แ€นแ€ธแ‚แ€ฝแ€„แ€ทแ€นแ€ปแ€•แ€”แ€นแพแ€€แ€ฌแ€ธแ€ฑแ€›แ€ธ แ€›แ€€แกแ€ญแ€ณแ€„แ€ทแ€นแ€แ€•แ€นแ€ฑแ€แ€ฌแ€น

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